Ballerina Butterfly Pea (Week 4)

Ballerina Butterfly Pea (Week 4)

WEEK 4

The plants have been consistently water for 250 ml in the morning and 250 ml in the evening. 4 pots have been provided with music everyday which are 20 minutes in the morning and 20 minutes in the evening.

Pot 1: Tinsagu No Hana (Japanese Folk Song)

Pot  2: Borneo Bamboo Instrumental Music

Pot 3: HatsuneMiku (High Pitch)

Pot 4 : Electronic Dance Music (EDM)

Pot 5: No music

Table 7: Length of wet plants

Length (cm)	No of pot
	Pot 1	Pot  2		Pot 3			Pot 4			Pot 5
	Plant 1	Plant 1	Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2
Shoot to root	15.2	18.7	19.8	15.0	16.8		17.5	15.0		18.0	20.5
Root	4.5	6.2	7.8	5.5	6.3		5.0	4.5		6.5	8.5
Shoot	1.9	1.4	3.5	1.0	2.8		1.9	2.0		4.3	2.0

Table 8: Length of dry plants after 1 week

Length (cm)	No of pot
	Pot 1	Pot  2		Pot 3			Pot 4			Pot 5
	Plant 1	Plant 1	Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2
Shoot to root	15.2	17.4	16.2	16.0	17.9		19.0	16.8		19.8	21.7
Root	2.5	4.0	4.9	4.4	6.3		5.7	3.1		4.1	7.1
Shoot	1.8	1.4	2.3	1.5	2.0		1.7	2.4		2.4	1.6

Discussion

    Table 7 shows the length of wet plants and table 8 shows the length of dry plants after 1 week. The unexpected results happened here because mostly the length of shoot to root is getting increase after dry and some of the length of dry plants after 1 week for root and shoot also increase. The length of dry plants after1 week for shoot to root decreases in pot 1 and pot 2. However, in pot 3, pot 4 and pot 5 the length for shoot to root increases. For the length of shoot and root mostly decreases but strangely for the length of shoot in pot 3, plant 1 increases after dry 1 week. The length of plants dry after 1 week for root in pot 4 which is plant 1 also increases. The length of plants from shoot to root become increase because of hypertonic process on plant cell. Water diffuses out of the large central vacuole by osmosis. Water loss from both vacuole and cytoplasm. Thus, plant become shrink and elongate. Therefore, the length of plants getting longer than the length of wet plants.

Result

Table 9: Weight of wet plants

Weight (g)	No of pot
	Pot 1	Pot  2		Pot 3			Pot 4			Pot 5
	Plant 1	Plant 1	Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2
Bowl	5.77	5.74	5.74	5.74	5.74		5.75	5.75		5.71	5.71
Bowl + Plant	6.23	6.12	6.19	6.23	6.33		6.15	6.19		6.18	6.20
Plant	0.46	0.38	0.45	0.49	0.59		0.40	0.44		0.47	0.49

Table 10: Weight of dry plants after 1 week

Weight (g)	No of pot
	Pot 1	Pot  2		Pot 3			Pot 4			Pot 5
	Plant 1	Plant 1	Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2	Plant 1		Plant 2
Bowl	5.77	5.74	5.74	5.74	5.74		5.75	5.75		5.71	5.71
Bowl + Plant	5.79	5.79	5.77	5.81	5.80		5.77	5.76		5.80	5.81
Plant	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.07	0.06		0.02	0.01		0.09	0.10

Discussion

    Table 9 shows the weight of wet plants and table 10 shows the weight of dry plants after 1 week. The table 10 shows the drastic decrease of weight of plant after dry. This is because the plants have been through transpiration. Thus, the plants will loss water in their body and their weight automatically decline. From the table 9 shows that pot 3 which is plant 2 has the highest weight of wet plant, 0.59 g. While for the lowest weight of wet plant is pot 2 which is plant 1, 0.38 g. After the plants dry, pot 5 which is plant 2 shows the highest weight after dry 1 week which is 0.10 g. Pot 4 which is plant 2 shows the lowest weight after dry 1 week, 0.01. The sunlight and wind act as an agent in occurring of transpiration. However, sunlight contributing more in the transpiration process than the wind because it has the highest natural temperature.

Analysis of Heavy Metal for one type of soil

The formulas that use to find the absolute amount of heavy metal (mg/L) are as below:

Average concentration measured (mg/L) X dilution factor X volume solution (ml)   weight of soil (g)

Size of sieve	Dilution	Element	Mean/average concentration of heavy metal	Absolute amount (mg/L)
63mm	50ml	Pb	0.017945917	8.9729585
		As	-0.014051191	Undetectable
		Cd	-0.000445353	Undetectable
		Ni	0.002664607	1.3323035
		Cu	0.010432263	5.2161315
		Mn	0.071093523	35.5467615
		Fe	21.30974768	10654.87384
		Zn	0.366631493	183.3157465
		Mg	0.759164129	379.5822065
		Ca	3.098073985	1549.036993
63mm	100ml	Pb	0.006349739	6.349739
		As	-0.009055289	Undetectable
		Cd	-0.000785055	Undetectable
		Ni	-0.000996009	Undetectable
		Cu	0.001067992	1.067992
		Mn	0.037417807	37.417807
		Fe	9.797358528	9797.358528
		Zn	22.3044749	22304.4749
		Mg	0.389572059	389.572059

 

Figure 6: The absolute amount for 50ml of sieve 63mm

Figure 6 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As and Cd.

 

Figure 7: The absolute amount of 100ml f sieve 63mm

Figure 7 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As, Cd and Ni.

Size of sieve	Dilution	Element	Mean/average concentration of heavy metal	Absolute amount (mg/L)
Sieve 125mm	50 ml	Pb	0.008912865	4.4564325
		As	-0.008923769	undetected
		Cd	-0.000834027	undetected
		Ni	0.000317432	0.4170135
		Cu	0.005797643	2.8988215
		Mn	0.065737684	32.868842
		Fe	19.22613252	9613.06626
		Zn	0.101983651	50.9918255
		Mg	1.539555684	769.777842
		Ca	2.929611552	1464.805776
sieve 125mm	100 ml	Pb	0.009623802	9.623802
		As	-0.016716514	undetected
		Cd	-0.000608107	undetected
		Ni	-0.001451522	undetected
		Cu	0.000779863	0.779863
		Mn	0.037804545	37.804545
		Fe	11.20739591	11207.39591
		Zn	0.038117925	38.117925
		Mg	0.888956265	888.956265
		Ca	1.60267746	1602.67746

 

Figure 8: The absolute amount of 100 ml of sieve 125ml

Figure 8 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As, Cd and Ni.

 

Figure 9: The absolute amount for 50ml of sieve 125mm

Figure 9 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As and Cd.

Size of sieve	Dilution	Element	Mean/average concentration of heavy metal	Absolute amount (mg/L)
pan	50 ml	Pb	0.000469284	0.234642
		As	-0.002321859	undetected
		Cd	-0.000852615	undetected
		Ni	-0.005154882	undetected
		Cu	-0.008369762	undetected
		Mn	-0.002150316	undetected
		Fe	0.002873581	1.4367905
		Zn	3.652154038	1826.077019
		Mg	0.005304634	2.652317
		Ca	0.185479639	92.7398195
pan	100 ml	Pb	0.008515217	8.515217
		As	-0.007523131	undetected
		Cd	-0.001110192	undetected
		Ni	-0.00219201	undetected
		Cu	-0.000865212	undetected
		Mn	0.027369918	27.369918
		Fe	7.267770539	7267.770539
		Zn	0.108770274	108.770274
		Mg	0.324425897	324.425897
		Ca	1.10685465	1106.85465

 

Figure 10: The absolute amount for 50ml of sieve 125mm

Figure 10 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As and Cd.

 

Figure 11: The absolute amount of 100 ml of sieve 125ml

Figure 11 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As, Cd and Ni.

Discussion

    Based on the figures above it shows that dilution factors affect the present of heavy metals. There are 2 dilution factors that have been used which are 50ml and 100ml. Size of sieve that were chosen is pan, 63mm and 125mm. From all the graphs, we can see that the top 3 heavy metals shows in the result is Fe, Ca and Mg. Fe inside the soil is very important for plants. Fe is most important for the respiration and photosynthesis processes. Fe also implied in many enzymatic systems like chlorophyll synthesis. Because Fe has high absolute amount in the soil, our plants does not have the deficiency. The second larger amount is Ca. Ca is responsible for holding together the cell walls of plants. In this result Ca is less absolute amount than Fe in the soil because the soil has lower soil pH. When Ca is deficient, new tissue such as root tips, young leaves, and shoot tips often exhibit distorted growth from improper cell wall formation. Mg is the third larger portion for heavy metals in the soil. Mg is important for photosynthesis process. This is because it needed for building block of the chlorophyll, which makes leaves appear green. In low-pH soils, the solubility of magnesium decreases and it becomes less available. Due to the large hydrated radius of the Mg ion, the strength of its bond to the exchange sites in soil is relatively low. Acidic soils increase the tendency of Mg to leach, because they have less exchangeable sites. In addition, in acidic soils, elements such as Mg become more soluble and result in reduced Mg uptake.

Research Questions

Result

Week 1 = no germination rate ( Balsamina Ballerina replaced by Ballerina Butterfly Pea)

Week 2

Table 11: Germination rates of Ballerina Butterfly Pea

Pots	Germination Rate (%)
1	10
2	40
3	30
4	40
5	40

 

Figure 12: Germination rates of Ballerina Butterfly Pea

The lowest is pot 1 with 10% of germination rate. There are 3 highest germination rates with 40% which are pot 2, pot 3 and pot 5.

Week 3

Table 13: Germination rates of Ballerina Butterfly Pea

Pots	Germination Rate (%)
1	30
2	70
3	60
4	50
5	60

 

Figure 13: Germination rates of Ballerina Butterfly Pea

The lowest germination rate for this week is pot 1 with 30%. The highest germination rate is pot 2 with 70%.

Discussion

    Based on the both tables and the figures, germination rate for each pot increases. As we know each pot are provided with the songs that have different genre. This shows that music do affect the germination rate. Certain music can stimulate the plants growth but some music also can insulate the plants growth. But this result also shows that if there is no music provided the germination rate also as well as the plants with the music provided. We also can see that pot 2 is the one with the highest germination rate which is 70%. This shows that Borneo Bamboo Instrumental Music really affects the rate of germination. This proves that Ballerina Butterfly Pea do like this kind genre of song. Meanwhile, this Ballerina Butterfly Pea shows that Tinsagu No Hana (Japanese Folk Song) can insulate their growths. From the graph the germination rate with this genre of song only 30%. It shows this plant response towards the song provided either the song help to stimulate their growth or not. Differences of the germination rates also prove that sound or music can influence the ability of the plant to absorb nutrient from the soil. As we can see this Tinsagu No Hana (Japanese Folk Song) really insulate the growths of Ballerina Butterfly Pea which means it is disturbing the absorption of nutrient process. This lead to the lowest germination rate for the plant because the plant with no music has higher germination rate than this one. However, Borneo Bamboo Instrumental Music can stimulate the growths. Thus, it shows this song can generate the absorption of nutrient from the soil because plants that provided with this kind of genre of songs has highest germination rate among all which is 70%.