Wednesday 7 June 2017

Ballerina Butterfly Pea (Week 4)

Ballerina Butterfly Pea (Week 4)


WEEK 4
The plants have been consistently water for 250 ml in the morning and 250 ml in the evening. 4 pots have been provided with music everyday which are 20 minutes in the morning and 20 minutes in the evening.

Pot 1: Tinsagu No Hana (Japanese Folk Song)
Pot  2: Borneo Bamboo Instrumental Music
Pot 3: HatsuneMiku (High Pitch)
Pot 4 : Electronic Dance Music (EDM)
Pot 5: No music


Table 7: Length of wet plants


         Length (cm)
                              No of pot

Pot 1
Pot  2
  Pot 3
 Pot 4

 Pot 5


Plant 1
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2


Shoot to root
15.2
18.7
19.8
15.0
16.8
17.5
15.0
18.0
20.5

      Root
4.5
6.2
7.8
5.5
6.3
5.0
4.5
6.5
8.5

      Shoot
1.9
1.4
3.5
1.0
2.8
1.9
2.0
4.3
2.0


















Table 8: Length of dry plants after 1 week


         Length (cm)
                              No of pot

Pot 1
 Pot  2
  Pot 3
 Pot 4

 Pot 5


Plant 1
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2


Shoot to root
15.2
17.4
16.2
16.0
17.9
19.0
16.8
19.8
21.7

      Root
2.5
4.0
4.9
4.4
6.3
5.7
3.1
4.1
7.1

      Shoot
1.8
1.4
2.3
1.5
2.0
1.7
2.4
2.4
1.6
















Discussion
    Table 7 shows the length of wet plants and table 8 shows the length of dry plants after 1 week. The unexpected results happened here because mostly the length of shoot to root is getting increase after dry and some of the length of dry plants after 1 week for root and shoot also increase. The length of dry plants after1 week for shoot to root decreases in pot 1 and pot 2. However, in pot 3, pot 4 and pot 5 the length for shoot to root increases. For the length of shoot and root mostly decreases but strangely for the length of shoot in pot 3, plant 1 increases after dry 1 week. The length of plants dry after 1 week for root in pot 4 which is plant 1 also increases. The length of plants from shoot to root become increase because of hypertonic process on plant cell. Water diffuses out of the large central vacuole by osmosis. Water loss from both vacuole and cytoplasm. Thus, plant become shrink and elongate. Therefore, the length of plants getting longer than the length of wet plants.

Result
Table 9: Weight of wet plants


         Weight (g)
                              No of pot

Pot 1
 Pot  2
  Pot 3
 Pot 4

 Pot 5


Plant 1
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2


      Bowl
5.77
5.74
5.74
5.74
5.74
5.75
5.75
5.71
5.71

      Bowl + Plant
6.23
6.12
6.19
6.23
6.33
6.15
6.19
6.18
6.20

      Plant
0.46
0.38
0.45
0.49
0.59
0.40
0.44
0.47
0.49
















Table 10: Weight of dry plants after 1 week


         Weight (g)
                              No of pot
Pot 1
 Pot  2
  Pot 3
 Pot 4

 Pot 5

Plant 1
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 1
Plant 2

      Bowl
5.77
5.74
5.74
5.74
5.74
5.75
5.75
5.71
5.71
      Bowl + Plant
5.79
5.79
5.77
5.81
5.80
5.77
5.76
5.80
5.81
      Plant
0.02
0.05
0.03
0.07
0.06
0.02
0.01
0.09
0.10














Discussion
    Table 9 shows the weight of wet plants and table 10 shows the weight of dry plants after 1 week. The table 10 shows the drastic decrease of weight of plant after dry. This is because the plants have been through transpiration. Thus, the plants will loss water in their body and their weight automatically decline. From the table 9 shows that pot 3 which is plant 2 has the highest weight of wet plant, 0.59 g. While for the lowest weight of wet plant is pot 2 which is plant 1, 0.38 g. After the plants dry, pot 5 which is plant 2 shows the highest weight after dry 1 week which is 0.10 g. Pot 4 which is plant 2 shows the lowest weight after dry 1 week, 0.01. The sunlight and wind act as an agent in occurring of transpiration. However, sunlight contributing more in the transpiration process than the wind because it has the highest natural temperature.
















Analysis of Heavy Metal for one type of soil
The formulas that use to find the absolute amount of heavy metal (mg/L) are as below:
Average concentration measured (mg/L) X dilution factor X volume solution (ml)   weight of soil (g)
Size of sieve
Dilution
Element
Mean/average concentration of heavy metal
Absolute amount (mg/L)
63mm
50ml
Pb
0.017945917
8.9729585
As
-0.014051191
Undetectable
Cd
-0.000445353
Undetectable
Ni
0.002664607
1.3323035
Cu
0.010432263
5.2161315
Mn
0.071093523
35.5467615
Fe
21.30974768
10654.87384
Zn
0.366631493
183.3157465
Mg
0.759164129
379.5822065
Ca
3.098073985
1549.036993
63mm
100ml
Pb
0.006349739
6.349739
As
-0.009055289
Undetectable
Cd
-0.000785055
Undetectable
Ni
-0.000996009
Undetectable
Cu
0.001067992
1.067992
Mn
0.037417807
37.417807
Fe
9.797358528
9797.358528
Zn
22.3044749
22304.4749
Mg
0.389572059
389.572059
 

Figure 6: The absolute amount for 50ml of sieve 63mm
Figure 6 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As and Cd.
 

Figure 7: The absolute amount of 100ml f sieve 63mm
Figure 7 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As, Cd and Ni.


Size of sieve
Dilution
Element
Mean/average concentration of heavy metal
Absolute amount (mg/L)
Sieve 125mm
50 ml
Pb
0.008912865
4.4564325
As
-0.008923769
undetected
Cd
-0.000834027
undetected
Ni
0.000317432
0.4170135
Cu
0.005797643
2.8988215
Mn
0.065737684
32.868842
Fe
19.22613252
9613.06626
Zn
0.101983651
50.9918255
Mg
1.539555684
769.777842
Ca
2.929611552
1464.805776
sieve 125mm
100 ml
Pb
0.009623802
9.623802
As
-0.016716514
undetected
Cd
-0.000608107
undetected
Ni
-0.001451522
undetected
Cu
0.000779863
0.779863
Mn
0.037804545
37.804545
Fe
11.20739591
11207.39591
Zn
0.038117925
38.117925
Mg
0.888956265
888.956265
Ca
1.60267746
1602.67746

 

Figure 8: The absolute amount of 100 ml of sieve 125ml
Figure 8 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As, Cd and Ni.
 

Figure 9: The absolute amount for 50ml of sieve 125mm
Figure 9 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As and Cd.



Size of sieve
Dilution
Element
Mean/average concentration of heavy metal
Absolute amount (mg/L)
pan
50 ml
Pb
0.000469284
0.234642


As
-0.002321859
undetected


Cd
-0.000852615
undetected


Ni
-0.005154882
undetected


Cu
-0.008369762
undetected


Mn
-0.002150316
undetected


Fe
0.002873581
1.4367905


Zn
3.652154038
1826.077019


Mg
0.005304634
2.652317


Ca
0.185479639
92.7398195
pan
100 ml
Pb
0.008515217
8.515217


As
-0.007523131
undetected


Cd
-0.001110192
undetected


Ni
-0.00219201
undetected


Cu
-0.000865212
undetected


Mn
0.027369918
27.369918


Fe
7.267770539
7267.770539


Zn
0.108770274
108.770274


Mg
0.324425897
324.425897


Ca
1.10685465
1106.85465
 

Figure 10: The absolute amount for 50ml of sieve 125mm
Figure 10 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As and Cd.
 

Figure 11: The absolute amount of 100 ml of sieve 125ml
Figure 11 shows that Fe has the highest absolute amount. It follows by Ca and then Mg and others except As, Cd and Ni.


Discussion
    Based on the figures above it shows that dilution factors affect the present of heavy metals. There are 2 dilution factors that have been used which are 50ml and 100ml. Size of sieve that were chosen is pan, 63mm and 125mm. From all the graphs, we can see that the top 3 heavy metals shows in the result is Fe, Ca and Mg. Fe inside the soil is very important for plants. Fe is most important for the respiration and photosynthesis processes. Fe also implied in many enzymatic systems like chlorophyll synthesis. Because Fe has high absolute amount in the soil, our plants does not have the deficiency. The second larger amount is Ca. Ca is responsible for holding together the cell walls of plants. In this result Ca is less absolute amount than Fe in the soil because the soil has lower soil pH. When Ca is deficient, new tissue such as root tips, young leaves, and shoot tips often exhibit distorted growth from improper cell wall formation. Mg is the third larger portion for heavy metals in the soil. Mg is important for photosynthesis process. This is because it needed for building block of the chlorophyll, which makes leaves appear green. In low-pH soils, the solubility of magnesium decreases and it becomes less available. Due to the large hydrated radius of the Mg ion, the strength of its bond to the exchange sites in soil is relatively low. Acidic soils increase the tendency of Mg to leach, because they have less exchangeable sites. In addition, in acidic soils, elements such as Mg become more soluble and result in reduced Mg uptake.


Research Questions
Result
Week 1 = no germination rate ( Balsamina Ballerina replaced by Ballerina Butterfly Pea)
Week 2
Table 11: Germination rates of Ballerina Butterfly Pea
Pots
Germination Rate (%)
1
10
2
40
3
30
4
40
5
40


 

Figure 12: Germination rates of Ballerina Butterfly Pea
The lowest is pot 1 with 10% of germination rate. There are 3 highest germination rates with 40% which are pot 2, pot 3 and pot 5.



Week 3
Table 13: Germination rates of Ballerina Butterfly Pea
Pots
Germination Rate (%)
1
30
2
70
3
60
4
50
5
60


 

Figure 13: Germination rates of Ballerina Butterfly Pea
The lowest germination rate for this week is pot 1 with 30%. The highest germination rate is pot 2 with 70%.


Discussion
    Based on the both tables and the figures, germination rate for each pot increases. As we know each pot are provided with the songs that have different genre. This shows that music do affect the germination rate. Certain music can stimulate the plants growth but some music also can insulate the plants growth. But this result also shows that if there is no music provided the germination rate also as well as the plants with the music provided. We also can see that pot 2 is the one with the highest germination rate which is 70%. This shows that Borneo Bamboo Instrumental Music really affects the rate of germination. This proves that Ballerina Butterfly Pea do like this kind genre of song. Meanwhile, this Ballerina Butterfly Pea shows that Tinsagu No Hana (Japanese Folk Song) can insulate their growths. From the graph the germination rate with this genre of song only 30%. It shows this plant response towards the song provided either the song help to stimulate their growth or not. Differences of the germination rates also prove that sound or music can influence the ability of the plant to absorb nutrient from the soil. As we can see this Tinsagu No Hana (Japanese Folk Song) really insulate the growths of Ballerina Butterfly Pea which means it is disturbing the absorption of nutrient process. This lead to the lowest germination rate for the plant because the plant with no music has higher germination rate than this one. However, Borneo Bamboo Instrumental Music can stimulate the growths. Thus, it shows this song can generate the absorption of nutrient from the soil because plants that provided with this kind of genre of songs has highest germination rate among all which is 70%.


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